Uniphyllin

Basic Uniphyllin information

• INN (international nonproprietary name): theophylline
• Brand names available in the United Kingdom: Uniphyllin Continus, Slo-Phyllin; generic theophylline
• ATC code: R03DA04
• Forms and dosages: Modified-release tablets 200 mg, 300 mg and 400 mg (Uniphyllin Continus); modified-release capsules (Slo-Phyllin)
• Manufacturers in the United Kingdom: Napp Pharmaceuticals (Uniphyllin Continus)
• Registration status in the United Kingdom: Prescription-only medicine (POM)
• OTC / Rx classification: Prescription-only medicine (POM)

Everyday use and best practices

Uniphyllin is a modified-release tablet usually taken twice daily, about 12 hours apart. Dosing can be tailored to symptoms, for example with the larger dose in the evening for people whose symptoms are worse at night. Regardless of the chosen time, consistency is key, because regular dosing helps maintain stable drug levels in the body.

Taking with or without meals

Uniphyllin tablets are taken in the same way each day, either always with food or always without, because food can change how much theophylline is absorbed. Swallow the tablets whole, with a drink of water.

Safety priorities

Uniphyllin must not be used by people with known hypersensitivity to theophylline or other xanthines, or by people with porphyria.

Caution should also be exercised in patients with arrhythmias, peptic ulcer, severe liver disease, heart failure, epilepsy or an overactive thyroid. Speak to a healthcare professional before starting treatment.

Activities to limit (driving, work safety)

As uniphyllin may cause side effects such as dizziness or palpitations, it's advisable to limit high-risk activities, including:

• Driving until individual tolerance is known.
• Operating potentially dangerous machinery or performing tasks requiring full attention.

Check how you react to uniphyllin before engaging in such activities.

Dosage and adjustments

Adhering to the recommended dosage is essential. For adults, the usual dose is 200–400 mg every 12 hours, adjusted according to response and blood levels. Stick to the prescribed schedule to maintain therapeutic levels of the medication.

Special cases (elderly, comorbidities)

Dosage may require adjustments for specific populations. For elderly patients or those with liver or kidney impairments, lower starting doses are usually recommended due to the increased risk of adverse reactions. Serum theophylline levels are monitored in such cases to avoid toxicity.

What’s inside and how it works

Ingredients overview

Uniphyllin's primary active ingredient is theophylline, a bronchodilator. This compound widens the airways in the lungs, making it easier for people with respiratory conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to breathe.

The tablets also contain inactive ingredients, such as lactose or colourings, which may affect people with sensitivities. Check the patient information leaflet if you have any allergies.

Mechanism basics explained simply

Theophylline works mainly by relaxing the smooth muscles of the respiratory tract. It also inhibits phosphodiesterase enzymes, which has a mild anti-inflammatory effect and promotes airflow, helping to control chronic respiratory conditions over the long term.

Main indications

Approved uses

Uniphyllin is licensed in the UK for reversible airways obstruction, including asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It is used for patients needing long-term control of symptoms, especially those who have not responded adequately to other treatments.

Off-label uses in UK clinics

Some clinicians may use theophylline off-label based on individual assessment, weighing the potential benefits against the risks.

Interaction warnings

Food interactions (alcohol, tea/coffee)

Certain foods and beverages can affect the safety of Uniphyllin. Caffeine-rich drinks such as tea and coffee may add to the stimulant effects of theophylline, leading to an increased heart rate or restlessness, so intake should be limited. A high-protein or charcoal-grilled diet and smoking can lower theophylline levels.

Drug conflicts

Several medicines can alter theophylline levels in the blood, including certain antibiotics (such as erythromycin, clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin, which raise levels) and anti-seizure medicines such as carbamazepine and phenytoin (which lower them). Suspected side effects can be reported through the Yellow Card scheme.

Alternative choices

Uniphyllin is an option for people who do not respond to common therapies; discuss the pros and cons with your prescriber.

Regulation snapshot

Uniphyllin (theophylline) is a prescription-only medicine (POM) in the UK. It is used in respiratory care for conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), generally when conventional treatment options are insufficient.

Frequently asked questions

Some common questions about Uniphyllin:

• What is Uniphyllin used for? Uniphyllin is prescribed for asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema, acting as a bronchodilator to relieve symptoms like wheezing and breathlessness.
• Can Uniphyllin tablets be split or halved? It's typically advised not to halve Uniphyllin tablets as doing so can affect the release mechanism of the medication.
• What are the side effects of Uniphyllin? Some common side effects include nausea, headache, and restlessness. It's vital to report any severe reactions to a healthcare professional.
• Is Uniphyllin a steroid? No, Uniphyllin is not a steroid. It belongs to the class of medications known as xanthines, used to relax airway muscles.

Guidelines for proper use

A pharmacist can give tailored advice on using Uniphyllin. Key points include:

• Dosage instructions: always take the medication as directed. Modified-release tablets should not be crushed or chewed.
• Health monitoring: regular monitoring of the patient’s response is essential, including serum theophylline levels, particularly for patients with liver or kidney issues.
• Medication compliance: follow the prescribed dosage schedule to maintain effective symptom control.
• Missed doses: usually take the dose as soon as remembered unless it is close to the next scheduled dose; never double up.

If you have difficulty with your treatment, contact your pharmacist or GP, or call NHS 111.

City delivery table